Unani medicine, also known as Greek medicine, is a traditional system of medicine that has its roots in ancient Greece. The term “Unani” is derived from the Arabic word “Yunani,” which means “Greek.” This system of medicine was developed by the ancient Greek philosopher-physician Hippocrates and later refined by the philosopher-physician Galen.
Unani medicine is based on the principles of the four humors—blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile—and the balance of these humors is believed to be essential for maintaining good health. It also incorporates concepts from traditional Middle Eastern, Persian, and Indian medicine.
Key principles and components of Unani medicine include:
Temperament (Mizaj): This refers to the individual’s inherent constitution, which is determined by the predominance of one or more of the four humors.
Elements (Arkan): Unani medicine recognizes four basic elements—earth, water, air, and fire—believed to be the building blocks of the human body.
Humors (Akhlat): The balance of humors is crucial for maintaining health. Imbalances are believed to lead to diseases, and the treatment involves restoring the balance through various therapeutic interventions.
Organs (Aza): Unani medicine identifies various organs and systems in the body and attributes specific functions to each.
Treatments (Ilaj): Unani practitioners use a combination of dietary advice, lifestyle modifications, herbal medicines, and physical therapies to restore the balance of humors and treat diseases.
Regimental Therapy (Tadabeer): This includes recommendations for lifestyle, exercise, and other non-pharmacological interventions to maintain health.
Unani medicine has historical roots in the Islamic Golden Age and has been practiced for centuries in various parts of the world, particularly in the Middle East, South Asia, and parts of Africa. It continues to be used as an alternative or complementary system of medicine in some regions today. However, it’s important to note that its practices and efficacy may vary, and it is often considered alongside other traditional and modern healthcare approaches.
